Compare Baker Island (2004) - Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2002)

Compare Baker Island (2004) z Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2002)

	Baker Island (2004)	Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2002)

Airports	1 abandoned World War II runway of 1,665 m, completely covered with vegetation and unusable (2003 est.)	-
Area	total: 1.4 sq km land: 1.4 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 412 sq km land: 412 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	about 2.5 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC	slightly more than two times the size of Washington, DC
Background	The US took possession of the island in 1857, and its guano deposits were mined by US and British companies during the second half of the 19th century. In 1935, a short-lived attempt at colonization was begun on this island - as well as on nearby Howland Island - but was disrupted by World War II and thereafter abandoned. Presently the island is a National Wildlife Refuge run by the US Department of the Interior; a day beacon is situated near the middle of the west coast.	These uninhabited, barren, sub-Antarctic islands were transferred from the UK to Australia in 1947. Populated by large numbers of seal and bird species, the islands have been designated a nature preserve.
Climate	equatorial; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun	antarctic
Coastline	4.8 km	101.9 km
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Baker Island	conventional long form: Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands conventional short form: Heard Island and McDonald Islands
Dependency status	unincorporated territory of the US; administered from Washington, DC, by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system	territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Antarctic Division of the Department of the Environment and Heritage
Diplomatic representation from the US	-	none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US	-	none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international	none	none
Economy - overview	no economic activity	No indigenous economic activity, but the Australian Government allows limited fishing around the islands.
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 8 m	lowest point: Southern Ocean 0 m highest point: Big Ben 2,745 m
Environment - current issues	no natural fresh water resources	NA
Flag description	the flag of the US is used	the flag of Australia is used
Geographic coordinates	0 13 N, 176 31 W	53 06 S, 72 31 E
Geography - note	treeless, sparse, and scattered vegetation consisting of grasses, prostrate vines, and low growing shrubs; primarily a nesting, roosting, and foraging habitat for seabirds, shorebirds, and marine wildlife	-
Irrigated land	0 sq km (1998 est.)	0 sq km (1998 est.)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.)
Legal system	the laws of the US, where applicable, apply	the laws of Australia, where applicable, apply
Location	Oceania, atoll in the North Pacific Ocean, about half way between Hawaii and Australia	Southern Africa, islands in the Indian Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Madagascar to Antarctica
Map references	Oceania	Antarctic Region
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the US; visited annually by the US Coast Guard	defense is the responsibility of Australia; Australia conducts fisheries patrols
Natural hazards	the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard	Mawson Peak, an active volcano, is on Heard Island
Natural resources	guano (deposits worked until 1891), terrestrial and aquatic wildlife	fish
Population	uninhabited note: American civilians evacuated in 1942 after Japanese air and naval attacks during World War II; occupied by US military during World War II, but abandoned after the war; public entry is by special-use permit from US Fish and Wildlife Service only and generally restricted to scientists and educators; a cemetery and remnants of structures from early settlement are located near the middle of the west coast; visited annually by US Fish and Wildlife Service (2004 est.)	uninhabited (July 2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	none; offshore anchorage only; note - there is one small boat landing area along the middle of the west coast	none; offshore anchorage only
Terrain	low, nearly level coral island surrounded by a narrow fringing reef	Heard Island - 80% ice-covered, bleak and mountainous, dominated by a large massif (Big Ben) and an active volcano (Mawson Peak); McDonald Islands - small and rocky
Transportation - note	there is a day beacon near the middle of the west coast	-
Waterways	-	none

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